martes, 29 de abril de 2014

Have Got To

Have Got To

"Have got to" is used to express necessity and obligation.
Examples:
  • Drivers have got to get a license to drive a car in the US. necessity
  • I have got to be at work by 8:30 AM. obligation

Using "Have Got to" in Present, Past, and Future 

1. Use have (got) to in the affirmative/positive form to talk about an obligation, or something that is necessary to do.

Have (got) to is always followed by a verb. You can think of it as have (got) + infinitive. Have to and have got to have the same meaning and can be used interchangeably.
We have (got) to go to school tomorrow.
James cancelled our date tonight. He’s (got) to work late.
You can’t just show up at her house! You have (got) to call her first.

2. Have got to is NOT commonly used in American English in the negative form. Use don’t and doesn’t with have to.

I don’t have to be at work until 2pm tomorrow.
She doesn’t have to start her new job until May 9th.
We don’t have to go to school tomorrow! Yay!
X:
I haven’t got to be at work until 2pm tomorrow.
X:
She hasn’t got to start her new job until May 9th.

3. Have got to is NOT commonly used in American English in a question. Use do/don’t and does/doesn’t in a question.

Do you have to go to school tomorrow?
Don’t you have to be home by midnight?
Does this report have to be finished today?
Doesn’t she have to work tomorrow?
X:
Have you got to go to school tomorrow?
X:
What time have you got to be there?

4. In American English, have got to is ONLY used in the simple present tense.

Have to can be used in the simple past:
We had to leave before the concert was over.
She had to leave the party early because she had to be home by midnight.
He had to spend $2,000 to repair his car after the accident.
In American English, have (got) to is not used in the present continuous form.
X:
I am having (got) to …

5. You can use have (got) to to talk about the future if you have already made plans to do something, or if you are now obligated to do something in the future.

Even though you are talking about something happening in the future, the simple present tense is still used:
I have (got) to call my mom tomorrow.
We have (got) to go shopping for a dress before the wedding.
He has (got) to improve his grades before he can go to university.

6. You can use will/won’t have to [NOT will have got to] in the 1st conditional (future possible/real conditional). It means that you will be obligated to do something or it will be necessary to something in the future:

If I don’t go to university I will have to get a job.
When the kids grow up and move out, we‘ll have to sell the house and move into a smaller one.

 

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